Essay about Gun Control - 1074 Words

Gun control in the United States has been a controversial issue for some time now. So much so that the Supreme Court even refuses to address this issue directly. Gun control really boils down to the the Second Amendment of the Constitution. Many people have different interpretations of the Second Amendment and the trenches are dug in deep on this issue. The Second Amendment can not provide the right to bear all types of arms to protect the people from governmental tyranny. If the Second Amendment was absolute, then we would allow the public to possess nuclear weapons, missiles, and other such arms, because like the 9 mm handgun that is an arm, a nuclear warhead is also a type of arm. The more our government restricts our rights to own†¦show more content†¦I don’t believe that felons should be restricted from owning hand guns, because they are citizens of this country just as much as you or I. If they are out of jail, that means that they have done their time according to our system and their full rights should be reinstated. If we don’t want certain felons to have guns, then we should make their release conditional. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Non citizens of the United States of America should not be allowed to possess any type of weapon. If you are not a citizen you have no right to carry a weapon in our country. If for some reason you need protection here, hire a citizen to protect you while you are visiting. I don’t know why someone would come some place were they feel their live is going to be threatened. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It would be next to impossible for our citizens to decide what arms should be allowed for non military ownership. So we group arms in to categories and sub categories. The United States of America is the freest country in the world and yet we don’t have the widest selections of arms available in the world. With good reason, because we are clearly the most violent society in the world and we know this. Certain types of arms have been banned for good reasons. Weapons of mass destruction are obviously not a good thing for citizens to own. They present to many oppurtiunies to infringe on other people rights in turnShow MoreRelatedGun Control766 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Paper Gun Control has been an issue that has been brought to the public’s eyes in recent years. This main issue has been going on for many years, for example when John F. Kennedy was assassinated; it raised public awareness to the lack of control on sales and also possession of guns in America. Until 1968 guns were available over the counter in stores and through mail catalogs to just about any adult in America. This was an example of how loosely guns were regulated which bring usRead MoreGun Violence And Gun Control1007 Words   |  5 Pagesshootings and various other methods of gun violence, tens of thousands of people die every year. These gun-related deaths primarily originate from murder and children accidentally shooting themselves. Although those in favor of gun control tend to believe that guns should be terminated completely, the second amendment prevents lawmakers from being able to do so. Therefore, in order to combat these causes, alternative gun control solutions mu st be made for each one. Gun-related murders can be decreasedRead MoreThe Gun Laws And Gun Control965 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginate from the accessibility of guns, but rather the actions of an individual that has disregard for life in today s society. There will always be ways for the offender commit crimes with or without guns. What is being done about gun control? We have all heard of all the tragedies throughout the country regarding guns. According to the President (2013) We know that we cannot stop every act of violence with guns, but what if we tried to stop even one? Weapon controls in the U.S. is structured atRead MoreGun Control For Gun Violence880 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2015, 13,367 people lost their lives due to gun violence according to Gun Violence Archive. The Archive also states that out of that number, 693 were children from ages 0-11. We can all agree that there is indeed a problem that we have to address. The solution to that problem, however, has been debated by many. I believe the solution to this problem exists in three parts: Mandatory training and licensing along with more heavily secure gun storage, stricter regulations on the purchasing of a firearm—disabilitiesRead MoreGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns areRead MoreGuns And Gun Control855 Words   |  4 PagesThe rise in cases of gun violence and related incidences of assault has drawn the public to the issue of guns and gun control. Such has been evident within the spheres of politics especially with the last election period seeing the incumbent president Donald Trump suggesting on stringent gun control laws. However, despite the acknowledgment of the need to have better gun laws, much ground and consensus has never reached. Such, to an extent, contributed to the current lack of political goodwill withinRead MoreThe I ssue Of Gun Control Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control Gun Control. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 30 Apr. 2016. In this website, it discusses the debatable topic of gun control. In the article titled Gun Control, it states that the â€Å"The United States is the leader in per-capita gun deaths among industrial nations.† The main point of this article was to get the point across about the controversy that this has brought into the United States, not only does it quote influentialRead More Gun Control Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pages Gun Control Throughout America there is the constant debate concerning the second amendment or the right to bare arms. One day an innocent kid walking home from school gets shot in a drive by shooting is he just a victim of circumstance or could this of been easily prevented. There are lobbyist for the private ownership of guns and lobbyist for legislation to ban personal possession of guns for good. In this paper I hope that just maybe I can persuade you to think differently on a topic that’sRead MoreThe Assault Of Gun Control920 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has become a hot topic in the United States as of now. There will be those who are for guns and those who are against guns. Those who are for guns, assert that it is our right to bear arms according to the 2nd amendment and those who are against guns, believe that guns are unnecessary and cause more violence. Assault weapons, in particular, have caused too many deaths and the government needs to put a ban on assault weapons. First and foremost, assault weapons have claimed the livesRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesGuns have become a serious issue in today’s society. There have been incalculable incidents that involved a gun causing physical harm to a person. This can occur when guns are not properly stored in a safe location. House Bill 75 has been proposed to help solve this problem. With this bill set in place, if a minor has the ability to access a firearm unauthorized, the person responsible for that firearm will receive criminal penalties. As a matter of a fact, there have been cases reported about

Sex As A Political Condition - 1592 Words

Award winning professor Carlos Nicolas Flores has put a new perspective in a life of a Mexican-American. The El Paso native has had a successful career as a professor and author, he’s well known for Our House on Hueco, but he’s been recently getting more attention with his lascivious novel: Sex as a Political Condition: A Border Novel. This said novel has placed him in the spotlight as he acquires more interviews and reviews about the book he further discloses information about himself. The interviews and reviews expose essential parts of his life as well as mixed reactions for Sex as a Political Condition: A Border Novel. Author Joseph Green’s put it best: â€Å"It is revolutionary in spirit and inelegant in ethos, equal parts hilarious,†¦show more content†¦In addition, his travels to Mexico and all over the world have made him a very cultured man, and given inspiration for many of his novels. Sex as a Political Condition: a Border Novel has been a raw, refreshing book. The first chapter of the novel takes place in a barrio in the border town of Escandon, Texas. The novel starts off with the narrator and protagonist, Honore Del Castillo, imagining about â€Å"Cuba’s most important hero, Jose Marti.† In this chapter we see that Honore tries to desperately change his life for the better, considering the neurotic fear he has with the possibility of dying without a purpose or making any sort of difference. This results in the narrator wanting/becoming an activist just like Trotsky, a war veteran that saved his life. Therefore, he accepts all types of odd jobs Trotsky asks him to do like â€Å"giving a priest a ride to the bus station or airport across the river in Nuevo Escandon, Mexico.† But his wife, Maruca, isn’t really fond of Trotsky and is always asking Honore to â€Å"cool it† with him. Comparatively, in Honore’s eyes Trotsky s aved him from a life of drug dealing. Before he met Trotsky, Honore used to smuggle dope with his puro carbon neighbor, Tequila Cuervo, and is constantly bothered by this pendejo. He refuses to go back to â€Å"pot, coke,Show MoreRelatedModern Day Slavery Of Thailand1525 Words   |  7 PagesMekong Sub-region. Sex trafficking is not just described as the trade in humans for sexual slavery but also consists of forced marriages or even martyr organ donors. Trafficking is often seen through the hue of sexual slavery and it is critical to understand the social, political and economic reasons that contribute to the growth of human trafficking in Thailand. Since the Vietnam War, sex trafficking has been on a constant rise due to foreign troops being the very first clients to sex workers, thereRead MoreWomen And The Middle East And North Africa1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe diversities within North Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia (cultural, religious, political, etc.) play a crucial part in the status of women and the key features of gender roles in these particular geographic regions. The Middle East and North Africa share commonalities through Arabic and Islamic culture. Establishing equalities for women amongst the current social and political changes of Middle Eastern and North African societies stands as a difficult obstacle to overcome, but inRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1292 Words   |  6 Pagesdue to the current legislation and attitude toward sex workers. Prostitution is often referred to as the oldest profession. However, sex workers are still struggling to receive recognition as legitimate working Americans. By outlawing prostitution, legislators greatly harm employed men and women who are doing their best to earn a living. If prostitution was legalized, working conditions would be improved, and prostitutes would be safer. Sex workers would not be afraid to contact the police ifRead MoreShould Adult Prostitution Be Legalized?1262 Words   |  6 Pagesis restricted, however, this label can be quite misleading. American prostitution is only legal in 11 rural Nebraska counties and is completely illegal in the rest of the country (2). While the legalization of adult prostitution is not a pressing political matter for American politicians, it is for various international politicians. With a closer examination of the policies changed and the benefits or disadvantages of these changes in  ¬the Netherlands, it can be determined if a degree of change inRead MoreReaction to Cars Gay Divorce1019 Words   |  4 PagesCard’s â€Å"Gay Divorce† Overview The institutional barriers to legally recognizing same-sex marriage engender a sense of injustice and an unethical violation of a Universal Human Right. While author Card does identify these fallacies and states that the law should not determine which adult unions are legitimate, she posits an unsettling alternative. Suggesting that same-sex marriage should not have been a political issue and proposing the abolition of marriage denies the LGBT community social recognitionRead MoreBook Review: Lydias Open Door Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropologist Patty Kelly is an intriguing case study about both the hidden and not so hidden aspects of sex work in Chiapas, Mexico. Her book proves the usefulness of ethnographic works where she engages with unconventional ways of knowing in order to determine the complex relationships that help to reproduce gender inequality. Lydia’s Open Door contextualizes prostitution within a political and economic framework revealing how it is impossible to diagnose one without the others. She uses bothRead MoreThe Hollow Hope : Can Courts Bring About Social Change?998 Words   |  4 PagesChange? By Gerald N. Rosenberg (2008) is a revised version of the first novel and includes new chapters and introduces the argument of same –sex marriages. Rosenberg develops his study by analyzing the verdicts of a state court of final authority in Hawaii, Vermont and Massachusetts; these countries ruled that the renunciation of marriage assistance for same-sex couples infringed their individual state constitution. Rosenberg examines the direct and indirect consequences of these decisions and providesRead MoreThe Global North And Global South Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagessocio-economic and political standings of the nations within them. The Global North is composed of the primary, developed leaders, such as the United States, Australia, and European Union. On the other side of the economic and political spectrum lies the G lobal South, which is composed primarily of Third World nations. According to The Politics of Global Economic Relations and International Business, the North has the political advantage globally. A majority of its members are leaders in the political realmRead MoreSex Tourism : The Issues That Emerge From A Sex Worker ( Prostitute ) And Tourist1297 Words   |  6 PagesSex tourism examines the issues that emerge from a sex worker (prostitute) and tourist (farang/customer) interactions. Sex Tourism is progressively spreading and it is now a worldwide subject matter that every country can relate to some way or the other. Sex tourism it has been around for decades and it has grown more widespread. This industry is very well understood by the tourist. It is not formally publicized; it is rather through informal exchanges, word of mouth and internet, that the farangRead MoreThe Gay Marriage Should Be Legal947 Words   |  4 PagesDefending Gay Marriage During the last few years, homosexuality has become an important issue for debate. Moreover, homosexuals have taken their case further by claiming their right to marry. Same-sex marriage, usually known as â€Å"gay marriage†, is the marriage between two people from the same biological sex (Doskow1). Since 2000, eleven countries have approved the legalization of gay marriage worldwide: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, Argentina,

The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and...

The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health Most people do not think about their health or issues revolving around their health until they are actually ill or people think that their health is only affected by biological factors. However, our health should be a focus in our lives because our daily life has an affect on our health. Illness does not only have biological causes but is also influenced by social factors such as the socially imposed roles of gender and socioeconomic differences. Before the affect of gender on health can be discussed, the difference between gender and sex must first defined. Sex refers to actual physiological and hormonal differences between men and women; gender refers to the differences†¦show more content†¦Women have significantly higher rates than men of psychological distress and depression. (Weiss and Lonnquist 98) The effect of this this increased distress may lead to depressed immune function which could factor into the higher morbidity of women. (Rieker and Bird 104) The pressure t hat most men feel to be the primary providers of their homes can have an adverse affect upon their health. When confronted with illness, men will underestimate the severity of their illness and avoid seeking health care so that they would not be removed from the work force and be put in a position not to be able to provide for their families. Overall, men use fewer health care services and do not document their symptoms as well as women. This puts men at a disadvantage when they do seek health care treatment. Socioeconomic differences also affect health. Those of higher socioeconomic status are often healthier than their low socioeconomic status counterparts and on average have a higher life expectancy by about seven years. (Weiss and Lonnquist 42) This is due to differences in exposure to health risks and stress. Those of lower socioeconomic status suffer from higher exposure to health risks as compared to the general population. Poor housing and overcrowding can increase stress le vels can therebyShow MoreRelatedInternational Classification Of Functioning, Disability And Health1285 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, also know more commonly as ICF was originally proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for trial purposes in 1980 and was known as the International Classification of Impairment, Disability and Handicap (ICIDH) (reference). The ICIDH aimed to provide a cohesive and consistent language tool for the classification of the consequences of disease and the implications for the individuals involved (reference). HoweverRead MoreSignificance of Psychosocial Competence in Youth1468 Words   |  6 PagesSignificance of Psychosocial Competence in Youth Executive Summary Stress is one of the top ten health concerns in adolescence and is getting worse. Adolescents experience many changes in their daily lives, however are not sufficiently equipped with skills to help them deal with the increased demands and stress they experience (World Health Organization, 1997). Psychosocial competence in youth was researched in order to better understand their abilities to make the best choice as related to mentalRead MoreKatriel Pacheco. Ms. Tomlinson. English One. 8 March 2017.1748 Words   |  7 Pagespassed through the brain triggering a seizure. The seizure, in turn, would alter the brain’s chemistry,† (Marcovitz 24). This shows how strong the desire for the LGBTQ people to fit the â€Å"norm† is. The LGBTQ community is put in a hostile environment everyday. Society has gradually learned to accept these people but prejudice and discrimination remain against them. LGBTQ people undergo harrasement, assault and abuse almost daily and this ca n cause serious medical conditions and can present fear regardingRead MoreDiscrimination Against African American Race1133 Words   |  5 Pages Discrimination against the African American Race Brian Barracks Social Psychology Dr. G. Austin Abstract Discrimination against African-Americans has been going on for many decades. Many African-Americans are still suffering from the effects of this. Many people who discriminate do not bother to analyze the damage that this is causing. Many African-Americans are suffering from stress problems, mental health issue, and some suffer from chronic stress. This issue has escalated for manyRead MoreOrgan Donation : Organ Organs1054 Words   |  5 Pagesan organ donor after they die. The second source of organ donation comes from a living person. Living people can donate their organs to family members, close friends, or strangers. There are many non-profit organizations that promote organ donation to strangers, whom are in critical health situations and need an organ transplant in order to survive. The problem is that there is a shortage of available organs. The organ donation process presents ethical dilemmas that will be discussed in this essayRead MoreViolence Is The Unspoken Disease O f The World1335 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Christopher Mikton, the World Health Organization, is a leader in the study of violence in the world (Mikton, 45). WHO states that, an estimated 1.4 million deaths occur every year due to this â€Å"disease† (WHO). In Marilyn Manson’s â€Å"Columbine: Whose Fault Is It?† Manson elaborately explains how violence has consistently been the social normality (Manson). Mankind has become so desensitized to violence that it is used as a scape goat for everyday problems. Humans are unknowingly self-harmingRead MorePositive Psychology Influencing: The onset of a Positive Lifestyle and Positive Health982 Words   |  4 PagesPositive Psychology Influencing The Onset of a Positive Lifestyle and Positive Health There have been numerous studies in the realm of Positive Psychology and the effects it can influence in other sectors of a person’s overall wellbeing, especially in terms of attaining a positive mindset and treatment of negative general disorders, the short term benefits of a positive psychological outlook and the long term health and lifestyle benefits that are produced from it. In a 2006 journal article, ParkRead MoreSocial Determinants of Health Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the dictionary, the word health is â€Å"the state of being free from illness.† At a first glance, this defination seems to be very direct and simple, however the meaning of the word ‘health’ nowadays is much more complex. The above definition pretty much sums up our view of health in the first half of the 20th century. But over the past few decades, the definititon and concept of health has evolved to encompass more elements than just the physical well-being of a person. This is partlyRead MoreSocial Media and Mental Health998 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy, led by social psychiatrist Ethan Cross of the University of Michigan, found that using Facebook may even make us miserable. On the surface, Facebook provides an invaluable resource for fulfilling the basic human need for social connection, says Kross. But rather than enhance well-being, we found that Facebook use predicts the opposite result - it undermines it. The negative impacts of social media In 2012, Anxiety UK conducted a survey on social media use and its effects on emotionsRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pagesis increasing very rapidly, and new innovations are coming along each and everyday. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. There is no denying that the impact of technology in the world today is huge, now technology has made it to the palm of our hands with the iPhone and continuing to expand. My generation has grown up on technology so I can’t imagine how my life would be with out it, older people may say it has ruined the lives of youth

Msc Strategic Management Free Essays

The copyright of the Master thesis rests with the author. The author is responsible for its contents. RSI Erasmus University is only responsible for the educational coaching and beyond that cannot be held responsible for the content. We will write a custom essay sample on Msc Strategic Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Acknowledgements I would like to thank Raymond van Wick, Bert Flier, and Justine Jansen for their inspirational lectures and papers forming the basis for my thesis and new found interests; Raymond van Will and Mochala Chippers for thoughtful discussion and feedback during the process of writing this thesis; the managers responding to my river for enabling thesis testing; my parents, sister, and brother for their enduring and limitless support and patience; and XX for her support, love, and understanding. Your valuable contributions enabled the writing of this paper. XX, March 2009 Marten van Brussels Designing ambidexterity Social Capital and Ambidexterity 10 Cognitive social capital 11 Shared culture and systems Shared vision 12 Relational social capital 13 Trust Tie strength 14 Ambidexterity and Unit Performance It provides the organization the ability to be aligned with and adaptable to its environment. The ambidextrous organizational form builds on internally inconsistent structures and cultures, allowing exploratory and exploitative units to optimally configure themselves around specific task-environment requirements. Exploratory units search for new knowledge and skills for the development of radical innovations and are characterized by loose cultures. Exploitative units build on and extend existing knowledge and skills for making incremental changes and fair well with tight cultures. Thus, to achieve ambidexterity organizations have to integrate the contradictory forces of exploration and exploitation and manage the internal tensions hat these forces bring along. However, it is strategic integration which remains to be a complex issue. The mechanisms for integration need to be able to access and integrate knowledge across relatively autonomous units. Till date, formal integration mechanisms have received ample attention, while organizational social capital was largely ignored. Cognitive and relational social capital are found to be essential determinants for the transfer of knowledge between units within the organization and thus for their integration. Therefore, this study explores how cognitive social UAPITA, represented by shared culture and systems and shared vision, provides the needed meaning and understanding for business units in a context of contradiction which is apparent in the ambidextrous organizational form. In addition, the facets of relational social capital, represented by trust and strong ties, are explored as enablers to bringing units focusing on either exploratory or exploitative activities together. In total 52 autonomous business units, from three globally diversified electronics and electrical equipment companies, participated with the research through surveys. These business units are responsible for either a specific market segment or product group, ranging from more traditional businesses to newer businesses. They provided insight into their achievement of ambidexterity, performance, the extent of mutual meaning and understanding with other units, and the content of their relations with other units. The results concerning the four separated factors used to measure cognitive and relational social capital appear to be influenced by invisible multimillionaires. However, these factors still explain to considerable extent the achievement of business unit ambidexterity and reference. Concerning cognitive social capital, a shared culture and systems do not appear to influence the achievement of ambidexterity, while a shared vision among business units strongly supports business unit ambidexterity and to considerable extent performance. Concerning relational social capital, trust between business units seems to contribute to ambidexterity, but a shared vision is an important contributor to this relationship. Trust also positively influences unit performance. Strong ties do not seem to influence the simultaneous pursuit for exploratory and exploitative innovation. If at all, the relation would have been negative. Before strong ties would benefit ambidexterity, these ties need to be complemented by a certain amount of trust. In addition, strong ties do not support unit performance. The findings indicate that a combination of shared culture and systems and shared vision into a single measure of cognitive social capital does explain business unit ambidexterity and to considerable extent unit performance. The sharing of a vision amongst separated business units appears to reduce the negative effects of resistance to change and adaptability following from a shared culture and systems. By combining shared vision and shared culture and systems it seems that a more balanced understanding or context is created in which units accept the simultaneous pursuit of exploration and exploitation. The combination also positively impacts performance. A combination of trust and strong ties into a single measure of relational social capital does explain unit performance, and to some extent ambidexterity. It appears that trusting relations positively mediate the negative relation between strong ties and the search for novel ideas. While trust leads to the exchange and combination of rich resources, the implementation of the consequent novel insights and combinations is benefited by strong ties. The achievement of business unit ambidexterity does positively influence unit performance. However, ambidexterity does not seem to mediate the relation between social capital and performance. Rather the relation between social capital and unit performance is a direct one. Overall, social capital dimensions enable the integration of exploratory and exploitative activities, while ameliorating the subsequent internal tensions. In addition, the content of relations and extent of mutual understanding between business units influences unit performance. Hence, social capital is an important contributor to vital business unit outcomes. Top managers should therefore master the creation and exploitation of social capital. Interesting avenues for future literature are discussed. Taken together, these understandings deliver new insights into how business units might achieve competitive advantages and increased performance and survival chances. 5 An organization’s long-term survival depends on its ability to â€Å"engage in enough exploitation to ensure the organization’s current viability and to engage into enough exploration to ensure future viability’ (March, 1991: 105). Indeed, Rakish Brainwash (2008) in their effort to merge the burgeoned literature on organizational ambidexterity conclude that successful firms are ambidextrous. It provides the organization the ability to be aligned with and adaptable to their environment (Gibson Brainwash, 2004), enables the organization to simultaneously pursue exploratory and exploitative innovations (Banner Dustman, 2003), and gives it competitive advantage (Dustman Reilly, 1996). To achieve organizational ambidexterity organizations have to unite the contradictory forces of exploration and exploitation and manage the internal tensions that these forces bring along. While the benefits of organizational ambidexterity have been emphasized and important contributions providing insight in how to accomplish organizational ambidexterity have been made (e. G. Jansen, George, Van den Busch, Belabored, AAA; Kittening Dustman, 2007; smith Dustman, 2005; He Wong, 2004), empirical evidence explicating the factors underlying the process of achieving organizational ambidexterity is largely lacking (Reilly Dustman, 2008; Jansen, et al, AAA). The ambidextrous organization thrives on internally inconsistent structures and cultures (Smith Dustman, 2005). Exploratory units search for new knowledge and skills for the development of radical innovations in order to meet the needs of emerging customers or markets, while exploitative units build on and extend existing knowledge and skills for making incremental changes to existing products and services to meet the needs of existing customers and markets (Banner Dustman, 2003). This focus enables the units to optimally configure themselves around specific discontentment requirements (Lawrence Lora’s, 1967). However, it is the strategic integration of these contradictory forces which leads organizational ambidexterity to become a dynamic capability for the organization (Reilly Dustman, 2008). Since organizational ambidexterity appears to be such an important concept for organizations and difficult to achieve a lack in research on its antecedents is surprising. This paper focuses on the antecedents of ambidexterity at business unit level by taking on a social capital perspective. The research on managing and integrating exploratory and exploitative activities has mainly focused on formal structures and incentives, largely ignoring the social structure that likely enables organizational ambidexterity (Cleanable Dustman, 2007; Jansen, Van den Busch, Belabored, 2006). By focusing on cognitive social capital and relational social capital, the two dimensions of social capital that provide closure within the organization (Van Wick, Jansen, Less, 2008), the paper attempts to explain the integration of exploratory and exploitative activities. The paper argues hat cognitive social capital, represented by shared culture and systems and shared vision, provides the needed meaning and understanding in the context of contradiction (Smith Dustman, 2005; Inpatient Shoal, 1998; Inept and Tsars, 2005; Van Wick, et al, 2008), which is apparent in the ambidextrous organizational form. The facets of relational social capital, represented by trust and strong ties, are seen as enablers to bringing units focusing on either exploratory or exploitative activities together (Van Wick, et al, 2008; Tsar, 2000). Also, social capital stands central o the understanding of innovation (Inpatient Shoal, 1998; Moran, 2005) and as such influences exploratory and exploitative innovation. In addition, Guppy, Smith Shelley (2006) state that learning from exploratory and exploitative activities is more likely to occur at macro level (I. E. Team, unit, organizational, or interdenominational), than at micro level (I. E. The individual). Thus, referring to the definition of social capital (Inept Tsars, 2005), organizational learning is a resource which is embedded within, becomes available through, and can be derived from a network of relationships. Following this logic, organizational ambidexterity resides in the relationships between units, which are explained by social capital theory. By addressing the question how social capital can enable ambidexterity, the study attempts to bring a social perspective into the ambidexterity debate. Research addressing this link is missing, while the two are seemingly related. By studying the relation between social capital, which has the ability to build competitive advantage (Inpatient Shoal, 1998), and ambidexterity, which leads to long-run survival (Rakish Brainwash, 2008), this paper contributes mainly to the strategic management and organizational literature. In the following sections theory and hypotheses will be presented. Ambidexterity and social capital will be explained, while the hypotheses and the research model linking the two are given. Then, the methodology section will outline how the study tests these hypotheses within business units. The results section provides initial insight on the fulfillment of the hypotheses, while their implications will be outlined in the discussion and conclusion section. In addition, the paper proposes future avenues for inquiry. 7 Duncan (1976) introduced the term ambidexterity, in the organizational setting, arguing that long-term organizational success depends on switching organizational structures in sequence, depending on an organization’s state of innovativeness. When an organization finds itself in a phase of innovation it should adopt an organic structure. When the organization is ready to exploit the innovation a mechanistic structure is more appropriate. However, it was not until the seminal article of March (1991) on organizational learning that research on ambidexterity started burgeoning. March (1991) argued that organizations should â€Å"engage in enough exploitation to ensure the organization’s current viability and engage in enough exploration to ensure future viability’ (March, 1991: 105, italics added). A focus on exploitation at the expense of exploration is likely to lead to short-term success, but in the long-term may lead to competency traps and inertia. A focus on exploration at the expense of exploitation might lead to innovate ideas, but would leave the organization without the ability to reap the benefits. Dustman Reilly (1996) showed that organizations are able to combine exploratory and exploitative activities. How to cite Msc Strategic Management, Papers

Evaluating of Easy Finance Limited

Question: Discuss about the Evaluating of Easy Finance Limited. Answer: Introduction: Easy Finance Limited has mainly faced losses due to the audit report, which is been provided by King Queen auditing firm. However, for instant it could be evaluated that the auditing firm is liable to EFL as based on their auditing report investment was conducted. Christensen, Glover and Wood (2012) mentioned that auditing firm has been prosecuted in many cases for the negligence of the auditor in auditing financial report. On the other hand, Schmidt, Wood and Grabski (2016) argued that after the augmentation of liability limitation agreements (LLAs) in 2008, auditors are able to reduce the litigations provided by third parties. Relevant cases have been conducted, where the auditors has been held liable for the negligence in their auditing report. Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) AC 562, mainly stated the negligence, which might be conducted on part of the auditors in depicting the auditing report. Candler V Crane Christmas Co (1951) 2 KB 164 and Ultramares Corporation v Touche (1931) 174 NE 441 mainly states that auditors did not owe any duty of care to the plaintiff as there is no contractual obligations. Twomax v Dickson, McFarlance Robinson (1983) SLTR 98, mainly stated that loss incurred by the negligence of auditing report allowed the plaintiff to claim the required damages from investors. Scott Group Ltd v McFarlane (1978) 1 NZLR 553, mainly stated the failure of auditors were accepted, however, there was no damages awarded to the plaintiff. With the help of above depicted cases, relevance of the liability of King Queen in terms of auditing negligence could be evaluated. However, the cases mainly stated that EFL being the third party is not liable to pay the damages to EFL as they have not consulted them before conducting the investment. Any kind of consultation conducted by EFL could have been made the auditing firm liable. Moreover, from the above-depicted cases it could be evaluated that only once the auditing firm was held responsible and forced to pay the damages encountered by the investors. Homb et al. (2014) mentioned that auditing firm like Ernst Young had to pay only 10 million in damages to the regulators for conducting auditing negligence in Lehman brothers books. Moreover, after the augmentation of the liability limitation agreements (LLAs) in 2008, investor must be more reluctant in using the auditors review, as it reduces the liability of the auditors substantially. Thus, according to the above cases and change in the regulations King Queen is identified as not liable for the overall damages incurred by EFL by conducting investments in Impulse Limited. Determining whether King Queen is liable to Easy Finance Limited (EFL) if the scenario changes: The change in scenario, where King Queen is firstly consulted by EFL before conducting the investment mainly changes the whole situation. In addition, the situation mainly provides liability to the auditing firm as on their opining EFl made the investment. Anderson et al. (2012) mentioned that litigations against inappropriate and negligence could be prosecuted in the court, which might allow the plaintiff to claim the required damages incurred from wrong advice. On the contrary, Brawley et al. (2015) argued that any kind of economic down turn, which reduced the viability of the investment advice, could not be claimed in court of law. Moreover, King Queen being the auditing firm of Impulse Pyt Ltd is restricted from the regulation laid down by GAAP for securing the internal data of the company. However, the approach of EFL to King Queen auditing firm for evaluating the financial performance and condition of Impulse Pyt ltd mainly bounds the auditing company to conduct specific valuation in determining the viability of the investment decisions. Specific case L. Shaddock and Associates Pty Ltd v The Council of the City of Parameters (1979) 1 NSWLR 566, mainly states that loss incurred from information or advice provided by auditing mainly exercises foresee ability. From the evaluation of the case it could be understood that wrong advice provided by auditing firms could be prosecuted in court and relevant claims could be acquired by the plaintiff. According to AASB, auditors are mainly liable for loss incurred by companies if relevant advice is been provided in exchange of monetary fees. However, Melidis et al. (20 14) argued that if the limited labiality agreement or disclosure agreement is been signed between the two parities then the chances of damage recovery by the plaintiff is reduced substantially. Thus, the change in scenario mainly makes King Queen auditing firm liable to the claims presented by EFL. Stating the significance of actual and perceived auditing independence: Auditing independence mainly allows the auditors to provided unfiltered information to the stakeholders regarding performance of the company. There are two types of independence, which is been provided by auditors, actual and perceived. The auditors independence mainly helps in authenticating the viability of the companys performance in the previous fiscal year. The overall derivation of actual and provided independence is depicted as follows. Actual independence: The real independence, where the auditors is free from any kind of manipulation or restriction is known as the actual independence provide to auditors. In this context, Knechel (2016) cited that independence in the auditing process mainly helps in reducing misstatement in the auditors report and depict actual financial position of the company. However, Martin, Sanders and Scalan (2014) argued that auditors mainly chose not to accept the independence as lucrative offers allows them to increase monetary gain. Furthermore, investors in reviewing auditing process of the company mainly demand use of the actual independence in the auditing process. Perceived independence: Perceived independence mainly allows auditors to tackle the valuation problems, which is hindered in the viability of the audit report. In addition, the perceived independence mainly helps in reducing the misstatement, which could arise from high asset valuation. Thus, the perceived independence mainly helps the auditors to detect the actual and reliable amount of assets, which could help in improving viability of the auditors report. Melidis et al. (2014) argued that perceived independence might reduce viability of the audit report if the auditor takes inappropriate valuations during the audit approach. Evaluating the individual situation based on professional standards and regulatory requirements: The first situation mainly states that Bob had used the annual report and internal information of Club Casino in its assignment. In addition, Bob also indicated to uses this information in a publication, which mainly evaluates the auditing rules laid down by AASB. As per the AASB regulation, auditors or relevant evaluators cannot publish internal information of the company without their proper consent. The confidentially agreement is mainly breached if BOB has used the internal information of Club Casino, which will in turn attract legal litigation. Shah and Jarzabkowski (2013) mentioned that confidentiality agreement mainly limits the misuse of internal information by the auditors to increase their monetary gain. The second situation mainly states that Wendy has been conducting secretarial duties for past six months in Ace limited, which mainly depicts the violation of GAAP and auditing rule,. This violation might mainly be reduced by terminating Wendy from the current position of company secretary. Ruebsamen and Reich (2013) mentioned that as per the GAAP rules company secretary is responsible to gathering and keeping sensitive information, which could be misused by external parties. Thus, appropriate secretary could be appointed immediately after terminating Wendys position. The third situation mainly states that Leo being the eldest son of the foreman of Precision Machinery Limited is conducting auditing procedures. Moreover, as per the rules laid down by GAAP and IASB, relative of companies workers are not included in the audit committee. This deprivation mainly helps in maintaining the ethical practises of the audit procedure. Thus, for correcting the situation either its father or Leo could resign from the designated post in the company. Duncan and Whittington (2014) mentioned that rules laid down by GAAP mainly reduce the unethical practises, which might be conducted by companies in deriving their financial report. Furthermore, violation might increase any kind of litigations, which might be faced by the company from appropriate regulatory. The fourth situation mainly states the non-payment of auditing fees by Classic Reproduction Pty Limited to its auditing firm for the past three years. The threat given by Chan Associates mainly states the resignation as the audit partner if Classic Reproduction Pty Limited does not pay for its services. Moreover, in fear Classic Reproduction Pty Limited mainly provided its auditors with 50% of the payment in furniture and 25% in shares. However, the audit rules mainly state that auditing firm are restricted from taking any kind of bribes as a form of shares or products. Thus, Chan Associates could face litigations if it accepts the provision provided by Classic Reproduction Pty Limited. Hence, the return of all the favours could be helpful for the auditing company by following the laid down rules of GAAP (Knechel 2016). Moreover, the auditing company could effectively withdraw consent from the annual report of Classic Reproduction Pty Limited. Reference: Anderson, U.L., Christ, M.H., Johnstone, K.M. and Rittenberg, L.E., 2012. A post-SOX examination of factors associated with the size of internal audit functions.Accounting Horizons,26(2), pp.167-191. Brawley, S., Clark, J., Dixon, C., Ford, L., Nielsen, E., Ross, S. and Upton, S., 2015. History on trial: Evaluating learning outcomes through audit and accreditation in a national standards environment.Teaching and Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal,3(2), pp.89-105. Christensen, B.E., Glover, S.M. and Wood, D.A., 2012. Extreme estimation uncertainty in fair value estimates: Implications for audit assurance.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,31(1), pp.127-146. Duncan, B. and Whittington, M., 2014, September. Compliance with standards, assurance and audit: does this equal security?. InProceedings of the 7th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks(p. 77). ACM. Homb, N.M., Sheybani, S., Derby, D. and Wood, K., 2014. Audit and feedback intervention: An examination of differences in chiropractic record-keeping compliance.The Journal of chiropractic education,28(2), p.123. Knechel, W.R., 2016. Audit quality and regulation.International Journal of Auditing,20(3), pp.215-223. Martin, K., Sanders, E. and Scalan, G., 2014. The potential impact of COSO internal control integrated framework revision on internal audit structured SOX work programs.Research in Accounting Regulation,26(1), pp.110-117. Melidis, C., Bosch, W.R., Izewska, J., Fidarova, E., Zubizarreta, E., Ishikura, S., Followill, D., Galvin, J., Xiao, Y., Ebert, M.A. and Kron, T., 2014. Radiation therapy quality assurance in clinical trialsGlobal Harmonisation Group.Radiotherapy and oncology: journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology,111(3), p.327. Melidis, C., Bosch, W.R., Izewska, J., Fidarova, E., Zubizarreta, E., Ulin, K., Ishikura, S., Followill, D., Galvin, J., Haworth, A. and Besuijen, D., 2014. Global harmonization of quality assurance naming conventions in radiation therapy clinical trials.International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics,90(5), pp.1242-1249. Ruebsamen, T. and Reich, C., 2013, December. Supporting cloud accountability by collecting evidence using audit agents. InCloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom), 2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 185-190). IEEE. Schmidt, P.J., Wood, J.T. and Grabski, S.V., 2016. Business in the Cloud: Research Questions on Governance, Audit and Assurance.Journal of Information Systems. Shah, M. and Jarzabkowski, L., 2013. The Australian higher education quality assurance framework: From improvement-led to compliance-driven.Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education,17(3), pp.96-106.

Leadership Dead poets society Essay Example For Students

Leadership Dead poets society Essay Vision Mr. Keating has a global vision of what he wants to achieve with his students. He knows how he will lead them to achieve it. He arrives very relaxed in class, begins to whistle which was meant to appeal the students attention. Teaches in unconventional ways by not following 100 years of conventional education like his predecessors have done, he chooses an alternative: teach the students how to become free men and seize the day. For example, First lesson was done outside the classroom showing them how life is short using the pictures of the former students who has passed away. The objective was to make the students become free thinkers, ND push them to dare express their opinions, experiment life Carper Diem and follow their dreams. In another class, he will ask his students to get up on his desk, just to demonstrate interest of stepping forward to have a different vision of the situation. This class will teach the students the importance of considering all different opinions, to have a global view of a case before doing something. 2. Value He demonstrated respect, integrity, sense of humor and availability. These attributes are what made the students trust him and can count on him for support. He was steadfast on his teaching methods and his goal for his students to have the ability to think for themselves, even when his belief was against the strict teaching code of the school. He was frank and strong enough to defend his ideas. He also inspires the student to create their own identity, opinions and ideas. He goes against the schools rules. He believes in the students and they in turn, in him. Mr. Settings aim was for the students get more confidence in themselves and dare go further to take own initiatives. He encourages critical thinking. He also shows close relation with students. 3. Communication skill He knows how to speak and listen to people, and also how to be listened to. He knows when to raise or lower with tone of voice. He had a speaking gift. He knows how to raise the interest of his students, and then as he discreetly studied the personality of each student, he knows how to adapt his speech to everyone. He adapts his style of communication to every student, with an extrovert and self-confident student such as Mr. Richard Cameron, he will speak directly and loud, but with a shy student such as Todd Anderson, he will go smoothly, and force him to gain self-confidence. E. G. When they were citing their poems. He adapts his speech and his posture, lead people to respect him and listen to him. For instance when he speaks about passion, love, romance and poetry, all the students gather around him and listen very carefully to what he is saying. He has that gift of captivating the interest of his audience. He was able to speak to them looking directly into their eyes. 4. Personality He is dynamic, enthusiastic, very dedicated to his students and very excited about schooling. He is a very eccentric teacher which contrasts with the schools strict atmosphere. He made a strong impression on his first day of class. He was seen as a guide, a spiritual leader, preacher, who is providing an alternative way of learning, usually a funnier and engaging one. He pushes the students to go find answers by themselves using words as find your own walk, strive to find your own voice, free up your mind ,dare to strike out and fine new ground. 5. Passion He is so passionate about his Job, and wants to convey that passion for poetry that he rates like a mentoring relationship with his students. L love teaching; I dont want to be anywhere else. His reply to Nils question on reason he came back to Walton Academy. He speaks with all his heart, changes his voice tones 6. Emotional Intelligence Mr. Keating is well aware of himself and those around him. He controls his emotions and knows how to stay calm under severe provocation. Despite being reprimanded for his unorthodox method s of teaching and being blame for Charlies mistakes. He always seems to stay unruffled and hold his head high. As well as managing his motions, he encourages his students to do the same. E. G. .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .postImageUrl , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:hover , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:visited , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:active { border:0!important; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:active , .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub887d2d7aa1f9a2732d342d5dd12e58d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marina Carr's Portia Coughlan EssayWhen Mr. Nolan provokes him, the incident with Nils father outside the theatre show and finally, on his dismissal. 7. Team spirit Keating wants every single student to blossom as well as find his own way of thinking. He wants to reinforce the team spirit by being all different but all together. He encourages them to partake in sports Football which involves shooting the ball whilst citing a poem which reminds them that passion is a key element if you want to achieve your own personal goals. He created cohesion and respect among them but also to push them to surpass themselves. The name ? Captain! My captain! Was to acknowledge his ability to fuse the different characters and learn from one another. 8. Inspiring He was master of orchestra, trying to get the best of everyone. Mr. Keating shows great respect toward each student. Indeed he calls them by their name, knows their character and shows interest in their abilities. Sees the best in every student, and even when a student shows no interest in his class. He never uses bad adjectives to qualify his students Works Its not stupid, good effort! )Thats excellent! Wonderful! ( ) You have the gift! What a performance! and when he does not like what students did, he does not Judge he Just gives advices such as Just dont let your poems be ordinary or Keep your head about it when he encourages Mr. Dalton to think before acting 9. Risk taking He was a risk taker. He had the guts to do things differently, to take initiatives. He asks the students to rip out the pages of a literature book, which was unbelievable for the students. Doing this, Mr. Keating wants to teach them that what was written in kooks is not always right and that they must think of themselves as free men. He took the students to the courtyard to carry out a walking exercise that could seems silly but proves the danger of conformity. Conclusion Overall, the movies show a clear distinction between charismatic and authoritarian leadership style. Mr. Keating displays democratic leadership style by not trying to impose his ideas or doctrines on the students, allowing them to feel part of the process to achieve higher goals. He was able to manage the characters while valuing their differences.

A Public Relations Campaign Plan

Introduction Over the recent times, there has been an increased use of public relations campaigns to help better various industries and sectors, not just in the USA alone, but in the world, at large. As an example, Gordon (2011) says that a survey conducted by Wanted Technologies shows that â€Å"the PR industry is hiring 10% more than it was at this time last year.†Advertising We will write a custom report sample on A Public Relations Campaign Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This hiring has, however, not just been limited to industries like colleges, universities, family services or social organizations but it has spread even to delicate industries like the medical world. According to Gordon (2011), â€Å"It is no surprise that healthcare-related organizations are hiring as that is certainly an industry that is shielded a bit from cyclical ups and downs of the economy.† Going by the increased hiring, it is the refore safe to assume that more people and organizations are finding public relations quite useful in passing some information to the public or communicating certain ideas to the targeted audiences, which, really, is a commendable thing. As a matter of fact, amongst the numerous crucial aspects of life, health stands among the most elemental ones since it hugely determines the quality of life we live. The healthier a person is, the higher the chances are for that person to live a long life. Of course, there are some factors like becoming a victim of an accident which also duly influence how we live. However, things like accidents are beyond our control so its best to avoid them for now. Even more significantly, it is worth stating that the current world which is highly commercialized essentially means that the quality of life we get, including health, is immensely dependent on how financially empowered we are. It is based on this reason that the management of financial aspects of he alth is extremely important, not just the people who direly require good healthcare, but also for lawmakers and policymakers who are in charge of making laws that govern the type of healthcare that we get (Finkler, 2007, pp.173-175).Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Recent studies conducted by the various scholars across the world indicate that although immense progress has been made regarding the provision of good healthcare systems, there are still many strategies, policies, laws and rules that need to be put in place so as to improve the nature of the current healthcare systems. In the USA, for example, there have been complaints regarding increased healthcare costs (in spite of the government’s promises to reduce the same), a lack of stringent rules to guide people, especially the young, on proper usage of prescribed drugs, inability to take care of the health n eeds of the low income families in the society or even the failure of the mass media is spreading relevant information to the public which can positively influence the current healthcare systems which are unfortunately spiraling downwards and the failure of concerned parties to own up to their mistakes and seek for improvements (Levco, 2011; Government Printing Office, 1998, pp.15773-15778). It is based on the above problems, or rather challenges, in America’s healthcare systems that this paper focuses on giving a circumspect documentation of a prospected public relations campaign aimed at facilitating change regarding legislations around free prescriptions for persons under the age of 16. The prospected timeline of this plan is 6 months from now. Consequently, everything planned should be put in place by then. In furthering this public relations campaign, the paper will be orderly arranged as follows. Essentially, this paper will be arranged in two parts. The first part wil l be presented as follows. To begin with, an executive summary documenting the key aspects of this campaign as well as what it aims to achieve, will be give. From there, a succinct problem statement will be given so as clearly show the problem that this proposal purposes to solve. Once that is done, a significance of the study closely followed by the aims and objectives of the proposal will be briefly detailed. A summative literature review establishing past and present details on the study will then follow. Once the literature review is exhaustively done, the actual public relations campaign will follow detailing the planning, implementation and monitoring as well as the evaluation of the entire plan. A summary of the entire public relations campaign will then be given to recapitulate the plan. In the part two of the paper, major emphasis will be on giving a rationale for the entire public relations plan. A justification for the intricacies of all the major areas of the first part of the paper will be done.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on A Public Relations Campaign Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A conclusion, which summarizes the entire paper, will then be given thereafter. Notably, relevant concepts, ideas, facts and authoritative scholarly opinions on instituting improved healthcare, using public relations campaigns, sourced from relevant books and articles will be used to further the arguments presented herein. Executive Summary Entitlement to free prescriptions by children under the age of 16 has, reportedly, been documented to present a myriad of challenges to adequate provision of healthcare. This is majorly based on the fact that a majority of these children to do not have sufficient information on how these prescribed drugs should be used. As a result, most of them end up misusing the drugs, which presents a vista of endless hazardous possibilities to the children, their parents and the medical personnel who issue these drugs. This, therefore, presents the need for intervention by parents in the determination of whether or not these children should have access to these prescribed drugs. Levying certain charges on prescribed drugs is, arguably, a logical move by governments based on the costly raw materials used to make these drugs or even the needs to pay the medical personnel who are have the key responsibility of keeping us healthy through their expertise and experience. However, there is a group of vulnerable and financially challenged families who are not able to afford good healthcare systems. For such, there is a dire need for provisions to be made by the government so that public funds for medicine can be directed towards them. By solving these two main issues, the parity in viable access to healthcare systems, whereby products and services are available for all, will be duly restored and thus help better our healthcare systems. In addition, using parents in determining whether or not children should have access to prescribed drugs will greatly help in curbing the many negative hazards of these children getting these drugs without any form of control by their parents, or guardians, in the case of orphans.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Remarkably, the changes proposed here are only focused on the USA citizens alone since there are other provisions that are normally tailored specially for non-American citizens. Plus, in any given research, it is advisable that a pilot study is conducted, and then once it becomes successful, other areas can then be introduced progressively. Therefore, for purposes of this proposal, we will begin by focusing on the USA citizens only and then, once success is witnessed, other people can be relevantly introduced gradually into the proposed program depending on the availability of resources. Problem Statement As glimpsed in the executive summary, there are two major problems. These are as follows: Currently, there is an unregulated access to prescribed drugs by children below the age of 16 years which presents a myriad of problems, as will be explicatively detailed in the literature review. Financially challenged and poor families are finding it difficult to cope with the high costs of some prescribed drugs. Delving deep into the intricacies of these two problems, we find other related problems like the failed role of the media in agenda-setting and routing for change, the lack of sufficient cooperation by stakeholders such as the government and the medical experts in offering viable solutions to these problems, and the failed role of the general public as well as concerned private entities like NGOs in fighting for the direly needed change in our healthcare systems. It is with these problems, among many other that will be duly detailed later, that this public relations campaign proposal is written. Significance of Study As detailed in the above sections, the USA, indeed, has its fair share of challenges and limitations in the effort to fight some inefficacies in the regulation of medical systems. On top of that, there are many other fundamental dynamics of healthcare systems in the USA with regards to the aforementioned problems that have not yet been covered b y existing literature and documentations. Consequently, the prospected research to be conducted will not only provide additional ways of solving the USA’s earlier stated medical challenges but it will also spotlight other crucial scholarly areas that might have been ignored by previous scholars. In other words, this study will offer more insight into ways in which healthcare systems in the USA can be bettered. Other significances of this study are embodied in the aims and objectives which are concisely stated below. Aims and Objectives The major aim and objective of the proposed public relations campaign is to critically analyze the nature of problems being faced with regards to access to prescribed drugs by children below 16 years and the availability of drugs to low-income earning families. Once the nature of these problems have been assessed, the relevant solutions, via adequate public relations campaigns, will be duly proposed. In doing so, the following sub-aims and obje ctives will be dealt with: Doing circumspect analysis of the nature of the aforementioned healthcare problems from the past, venturing into the present and prospecting into the future. Determining the causes and effects of the healthcare malpractices in the USA Proposing ways in which these healthcare challenges and problems can be solved. Channeling the right public relations campaign strategies, techniques and tools to help improve healthcare systems in the USA, and the world at large. Detailing the roles that should be played by various stakeholders (the government, health insurance firms, medical experts, private organizations and the general public) in solving the eminent healthcare problems. Literature Review With regards to the healthcare problems facing the USA, in terms of unregulated access to healthcare by under-aged children (children below 16 years), as well as the lack of fitting policies, funds and resources to take care of the low income earners, several causes, ef fects and proposed solutions have been presented by previous scholars. These are briefly summarized categorically in the literature review that is done below: Causes According to Stone (2010), the major problem that has led to the lack of proper regulations to govern healthcare systems in the USA, is the government failure to stamp its authority. To expound on this, Stone says that ever since the US president Barrack Obama got into power and promised changes in healthcare systems, very little has been done so far. According to Eggen (2011), majority of the USA public feel that President Obama’s government has not done much in bettering today’s healthcare thus today’s eminence of problems that were faced a decade ago. In addition, Eggen asserts that most stakeholders in the health sector tend to concentrate so much on getting profits from sale of prescribed drugs rather than focusing on helping those in real need (like the poor in the society) or even putting str ingent legal regulations that can help curbing any form of drug misuse by under-aged children Levco (2011), however, points his fingers to the never-ending blame game by the involved parties whereby â€Å"attorneys, doctors, hospitals, consumers, and pharmaceutical companies† shift blames on one another rather than focusing on joining hands and finding ways of moving forward. In close relations to the above point, Johnson et al. (2006) says that the major problem being faced, with regards to the regulation of policies in a way that young people do not access prescribed drugs without proper precautions being taken, is that the various stakeholders are not vigilant enough. To exemplify the above point, Johnson et al. (2006) use the abortion debate as an example and document of the way young boys and girls (below the age of 16 years) easily engage in unhealthy practices like safe sex based on the assurance that they can easily get prescribed abortion pills straight from medical centers without any problem. With such practices in place, stakeholders like the government and medical are undoubtedly to blame. Other common causes of problems related to children’s unregulated access to prescribed drugs or the lack of sufficient provisions for families with low income include: access to technologies like the internet where even under-aged children can masquerade themselves as adults and access these drugs easily, a lack of mobilization of relevant parties in the institutionalization of policies that can help poor families to get merited access to these drugs, and the prominence of power-play in the medical world whereby issues such as politics dictate the manner in which people get access to drugs, for example, the more connected you are to powerful politicians, the easier it is for you to access funds or drugs even if you do not really qualify to get them (ScienceDaily, 2011, Eggen, 2011, Marmor, 2000, pp.180-186; Stone, 2010, Johnson et al., 2006). Effec ts Several health complications ranging from headaches to death have resulted from healthcare malpractices regarding children’s unregulated access of prescribed drugs of the unavailability of drugs for the poor people. According to Johnson et al. (2006), easy access to drugs is the major reason behind cases of unhealthy practices like unsafe sex by teenagers, abortions and early teenage preconceptions. This is based on the fact that most of these children either do not know how to use the prescribed drugs properly or they misuse the freedom that they can easily access the prescribed drugs. Additionally, cases of drug poisoning and other health complications—some of which have led to permanent medical ailments of even death—have also been reported based on the unregulated use of drugs by teenagers (Johnson et al., 2006). Other than the common effects like worsening of health complications or even death due to no access of medical care by people poor families; suc h victims face other psychologically related problems like trauma, neglect and no sense of belonging—which can lead to many other adverse effects (Stapleton et al., 2011). It is therefore vital that such effects are mitigated by uprooting the earlier mentioned root-causes. Solutions and Recommendations Preliminarily, it is worth mentioning that some regions in the USA, organizations and individuals have been able to come out strongly in supporting the agenda of instituting better healthcare systems. Some of the positive efforts that have been put in place, so far, are exemplified below. According to Lewis (2011), organizations like the Rabbi Elimelech Goldberg, a non-profit organization providing martial arts therapy and other related health services, has been able to do a lot in helping needy families. Levco (2011) also exemplifies how the public relations efforts of the Blue Cross Blue Shield North Carolina organization has been able to encourage health stakeholders to own up to their mistakes rather than blaming one another unnecessarily. Finally, FoxNews.com (2011) and Stone (2011) also report of the increased public relations campaigns, especially via electronic media, which have been increasingly used by the USA government to lobby for better healthcare practices to be put in place. Moreover, several public relations initiatives have been recommended to help better the current healthcare systems. A good example here is the recommendation of reduction of costs and restructuring of health policies by the White House (in collaboration with other related agencies) such that they are tailored in a better way that can equitably serve the needs of everyone in the society (Stone, 2011). Other recommendations that have been issued include: the development of more stringent policies to regulate access to drugs by under-aged children, more policies being put in place to help the poor people in shouldering their heavy medical needs; increased collaboration by the involved parties, among many others. However, going by the statistics regarding the continued prevalence of healthcare problems in the USA, as discussed earlier, it is extremely necessary that more is done by the involved parties. Principally, it is with this in mind that the public relations campaign below is proposed. The Public Relations Campaign Plan In essence, there are several dynamics of the campaign plan that should be duly documented herein. However, not all of them can be exhaustively represented in this proposal. Therefore, in the section below, only the major areas will be discussed, with other areas only being partially detailed and explicated—using the subtopics below. Planning According to Campbell et al. (2000, pp.1-4), planning is the most fundamental part of any given research; without a proper plan, then all the other facets are as good as not attempted. It is for this reason that a SMART (specific measurable, achievable, realistic and timely) plan is purposed for this public relations campaign. Below is a summary of this plan. Essentially, this proposed public relations campaign will follow the standard procedure of most researches where we will begin by problem definition, research into the problem and finding viable ways of instituting the relevant changes (using relevant public relations tools) and then the actual implementation of the solutions from the program. This will then be followed by a clear evaluation of the implementations. A clear brake-down of the exact procedure and timeline that will be followed here will be given later in form of a table Audience As earlier mentioned, the implementations of the public relations campaign will only be centralized on the USA citizens. Once notable progress is made, other audiences will be gradually introduced into the program depending on the availability of funds and resources. Primarily, the targeted audience here is divided into two categories: persons below the age of 16 yea rs and their parents (for purposes of changing trends on unregulated access to prescribed drugs) and poor families that cannot access good health services and products based on their poor finances. Secondarily, messages will be tailored for stakeholders like the government, hospitals, relevant private and public people and organizations, over-the-counter prescribed drug stores, and law-making institutions (especially those dealing directly with health laws), among others. Location Since implementing the whole of the program in the whole of the USA is virtually impossible, the public relations campaigns will be piloted in Illinois, Chicago. This region was specifically selected based on my vast knowledge of the area and the eminence of poor health regulations in the area. Other justifications will be given in part two. Public relations Campaign Tools In today’s world, the use of technologies in conducting public relations campaigns is greatly pronounced and preferred by most a udiences. It is for this reason that online public relations tools will be used. More specifically, social media campaigns (through social forums like Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn) will be conducted with messages specifically tailored to meet our aims and objectives. Other than the use of social forums, public relations messages will also be placed in selective newspapers and magazines in form of banners and short captivating messages. Such messages are essentially targeting people who rely more on print media for their media messages. In addition, messages will also be spread through popular radio and televisions networks in the selected region. Finally, the use of road shows and word of mouth public relations campaigns, especially towards the final months of the planned campaign, will be relevantly used. By combining all these tools, a good blend of information spread is bound to happen to the targeted audiences. Costs Much of what is entailed in the budget to be used in achievi ng the objectives of this proposal are yet to be representatively disclosed by the finance experts to the relevant parties. Nonetheless, a cumulative rough estimate of $20 million is humbly required from donors so as to support the funds that have so far been, reportedly, accumulated from various quarters. The highly confidential nature of the budget is, essentially, the reason why it will only be sent to the relevant leadership in the company, as well as to those people who have affirmed their interest in participating in soliciting funds for this project. A highly detailed and informative budget will be sent or hand-delivered by our financial personnel to such people. However, a clearly accountable documentation of all the collected and used funds will be given publicly once the pilot project is in motion. Timeline As mentioned earlier, this project is to take place in six months. All the plans detailed above as well as the rest that will be detailed below will be strictly and adh erently done within this duration. Implementation If all goes as planned, as we strongly hope, then the implementation of the program will be done immediately the essentialities of the campaign are in place, six months from now. As a key note, all the relevantly involved parties should ensure that they play accordingly for the smooth success of this campaign. Monitoring and Evaluation Making a follow-up on a project, through proper monitoring, and evaluation is an irreplaceably important part of a project. It is only by doing so that we can be able to assess whether or not a project met its desired objectives. For purposes of this project, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis will be combined with a PESTEL (political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal) to monitor and evaluate the success or failure of the project. The committee that planned this public relations campaign, chaired by me and overseen by the supervisor of this propos al, will be in-charge of doing all the monitoring and evaluation. Then, depending on the success or failure of the project, relevant measures will be taken. Summary of the P.R Campaign Plan The table given in the below summarizes the entire project detailing the key areas and the timeline of each event. Month Public relations campaign Event January Definition of problems, market analysis and launching of campaigns through the placement of adverts in online sites. February Placement of advertisements for the health messages in print media (both online and in the usual hard-copy) March Assessment of progress made by the advertisement majorly media based on the Four P’s (product, promotion, place and price). Once the assessments have been made, viable recommendations are made for further implementation. At this stage, there will also be introduction of more messages through public relations platforms like radio, TV, billboards, brochures and word of mouth. April †“ May Re-launching of the ads (taking into account the recommendations) June Overall assessment of the performance by the public relations campaigns within the six months, making of recommendations and release into the actual market. Rationale for the P. R. Campaign In rationalizing the need and necessity for the public relations campaign as well as the strategies chosen, the justifications will be given using the main subtopics that were used in section one, as detailed below. Rationale for Significance of the Study In conducting any given research, it is extremely important that a particular scholarly purpose is achieved. In other words, there should be some important significance of doing any research. The significance of this study is therefore highly justified based on the fact that the purposed research to be conducted will not only provide additional methods of solving the USA’s earlier stated medical challenges but it will also spotlight other crucial scholarly areas that might have been ignored by previous scholars. In effect, this offers scholarly continuity by linking the past, the present and the future. On top of that, a scholarly platform, having relevant information, will be laid thus making it easy for future studies to be conducted on the same or related issues addressed herein. Rationale for Aims and Objectives Aims and objectives simply delineate the scope that any given research is to cover. In general terms, scope refers to the breadth of the project, what it entails and crucially, what is expected of it in terms of achieving its purposed objectives. Baars (2006) states that the vastness in the scope of a project creates the threat of leading to divided attention on various project issues. In effect, this fundamentally corrodes the value of objectivity in the program. For this reason, Baars recommends that the aims and objectives of project should be definitely focused towards particular areas of study. It is based on the above advice that this project centrally focuses on analyzing the intrinsic nature of problems being faced with regards to access to prescribed drugs by children below 16 years and the availability of drugs to low-income earning families. In doing so, the sub-aims and objectives of simply establishing causes, effects and solutions as well as recommendations to the problem, in hand, are given. The aims and objectives are therefore duly justified. Rationale for Literature Review In essence, several studies have been conducted by various scholars on the general nature of healthcare in the USA. However, very few studies have been reportedly conducted on the plight of poor families getting access to the medical care they need as well as the unregulated nature of children’s access to prescribed drugs. In most instances, complains can be heard on the streets, and at best, through unverifiable surveys on the society. As a result, the cries and murmurs of such people end up not reach ing the targeted parties who are mandated with the responsibility of facilitating change and positive progress in the healthcare sector. Admittedly, this lack of adequate literature on the proposed study and planned campaigns in this paper made it extremely difficult to establish a pinpointed connection between the previous studies and the current study. In fact, it is based on this reason that most examples tended to be from a generalized perspective rather than the needed specific approach. Nevertheless, substantial arguments and reports were availed in the best way possible to establish the needed connection between the literatures. Rationale for Planning of the Campaign The planning of the public relations campaign was a very key area and that is the reason why several issues and factors were keyed in. A justification of these plans is detailed below, following the respective order that they were given in part one. In justifying the audience, it is elemental to state that poor c hoice of an audience makes it difficult for research to be done effectively. It is on this basis that the chosen the primary and secondary audience was done in a careful and precariously selective manner. In addition, clearly identifying the audience makes it very easy for messages to be tailored rightfully. For example, having selected children below 16 years as being part of the primary audience, it was relatively easy to chose social networks as one of the main tools of tailoring messages to them. This is based on the popularity of social networks in spreading messages to the youth (Donovan Henley, 2010, pp.10-20). The secondarily chosen were, on the other hand, justifiably necessary based on the multifaceted nature of the problems in this proposal With regards to the aspect of location, it is undoubtedly difficult to conduct a research of this nature in a huge area. This is based on the fact that choosing a wide location will make it difficult to do the research and implement t he prospected campaigns based on the limitation in terms of manpower, funds and resources. On top of that, sampling information on a wide area will take a lot time, yet we only have six months to plan, implement and evaluate the entire project. Plus, if the proposed campaigns in Illinois are successful, successful; chances of adoption of the idea will be high based on the popularity of Illinois, Chicago. Selection of Illinois, Chicago as our pilot area, was therefore duly deserved and appropriate, to say the least. In the determination of costs, confidentiality, accountability and precision are key elements that should be duly balanced. It was, therefore, extremely necessary that a professional balance is ensued in our campaign plans. Fortunately or unfortunately, depending on how one chooses to look at it, a detailed brake-down of the required finances was not given for purposes of confidentiality. In most cases, detailing such financial plans may seem as a good idea. However, the probability of corruption or theft cases emerge once such details are given to the public is normally high since malicious people thrive on such knowledge. It is for this reason that the safe option of not disclosing the exact details of the financials, until actual implementation, was chosen. On the aspect of time, the only justification worth being stated here is that the time given for the entire campaigns is six months. It thus follows that everything has been planned to adherently fit in this timeline. As a matter of fact, contingencies such as delays in some aspects of the project were factored appropriately. Consequently, we expect that everything will go on as planned even if some anticipated delays occur. Finally, the following are the justifications for the public relations campaign tools chosen for the prospected plan. Essentially, various consumers have varied preferences of mass media (Rodriguez, 2009, pp.2-4). It is on the basis of the above fact that the proposed camp aign inculcates the use of various public relations (mass media) tools. Plus, by using these various tools, we get an assurance that the targeted audiences will have access to our messages. Finally, various mass media tools have their unique strengths and weaknesses so by blending them, the tools intermittently augment the efficacy of the others by reinforcing one another. Rationale for Implementation of the Campaign By far and large, the implementation stage is normally important just like the planning stage. Without proper structures of implementation being in place, chances of the project become inherently high. It is for this reason that an empathic call was made to all the relevantly involved parties to ardently play their part in ensuring the success of purposed campaign. It is only through genuine cooperation by all the involved parties that the plan can bear positive fruition. Rationale for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Campaign Monitoring and evaluation are two project s tages that are interdependent on one another and that is the reason they are normally done concurrently. In monitoring and evaluation of a project, an assessment of relevance, understanding, performance, efficiency, coverage, sustainability and impact of the project is done. By doing all these, we are able to discover deficiencies in a project and fix them or alternatively better a good project. The choice of the SWOT and PESTEL tools was done in order to analyze various aspects of the project. Notably, the table given in the summary shows that there is an evaluation done in the middle of the project before the final one done at the end of the project. The reason for doing a monitor and evaluation in the middle of the project is to help fix any small problems that might be limiting full efficacy of the project. In addition, this evaluation helps in preventing adverse losses, especially in high-profile projects, while making it easy to logically predict the final outcome. On the othe r hand, doing a final monitoring and evaluation of the project helps us to know whether or not to implement the campaign in actual market, changes that should be made or even forecast on what the future of the project holds for us. Conclusion Just like any project, our proposed campaign may result in success or failure. In fact, we anticipate some challenges and limitations (like the unavailability of enough books and articles with regards to what should be done on the proposed campaign). However, there are apt precautions currently in place to help avert them. For example, during the definition of the problem and market analysis; in-depth primary research will be conducted using interviews and questionnaires so as to gather more information on our target audiences. Such information will not only supplement the secondary data from books and internet sources but it will also offer us more insights into better ways of tailoring our messages and implementing our strategies. This, there fore, acts as an assurance that the prospected will run smoothly and be completed within the above-mentioned schedule. Remarkably, a few minor adjustments may be made on aspects like time depending on the assessment and approval of this proposed campaign by the relevant authorities. Nonetheless, most of the points and projections stipulated here will remain constant. As stated earlier, this public relations campaign requires everyone involved to ardently play his/her part. Only by doing this that, we can have some assurance that our plans will be foolproof of the usual project hiccups and the never ending unforeseen logistical challenges. So far, a surmountable amount of funds and resources towards the campaign have already been pledged or given by some people. If more help can be harnessed, the success of this crucial campaign, which helps at bettering our healthcare systems, will be greatly improved. It is for this reason that we humbly ask for support in any possible ways, whethe r through money, moral support or even man-power. In finality, it is inherent to state that professional guidance in a high-profile campaign of this nature is extremely important. In this proposal, for example, I would have not been able to do much had it not been for the priceless guidance from my supervisor. It is therefore vital that periodic guidance for professionals is sought at each stage of the project. This will immensely help in avoiding unnecessary mistakes which limit objectivity, accuracy and precision. List of References Baars, W., 2006. Project Management Handbook (Version 1.1 – July 2006). Web. Available at: http://www.projectmanagement-training.net/book/index.html. Campbell, P., Rys, A., Stepien, W., 2000. 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Economic climate shifts consumers online. Web. Available at: https://mr.pricegrabber.com/Economic_Climate_Shifts_Consumers_Online_March_2009_CBR.pdf. ScienceDaily., 2011. Access to healthcare insurance top indicator for better outcomes among undocumented children. Web. Available at: http://www.sciencedaily .com/releases/2011/09/110906164314.htm. Stapleton, S., Evans, J., Gold, J., Marcy, J., Villegas, A., Weaver, C., 2011. Daily health report. Web. Available at: http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/daily-report.aspx. Stone, A., 2010. White house mounts PR Blitz for healthcare reform. Web. Available at: http://www.aolnews.com/2010/06/07/white-house-mounts-pr-blitz-for-health-care-reform/. This report on A Public Relations Campaign Plan was written and submitted by user RoxanneSimpson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.